Scientific Classification

• Kingdom: Plantae
• Phylum: Tracheophytes
• Order: Cucurbitales
• Family: Begoniaceae
• Genus: Begonia
• Species: Begonia rex

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Morphological Characteristics

Foliage & Growth

The King Begonia is primarily grown for its ornamental foliage rather than its flowers. Its bold, uniquely textured leaves set it apart as a standout houseplant.

• Leaf Color: Dark green, deep burgundy, and metallic silver tones
• Leaf Pattern: Prominent silvery-grey bands with a wavy, irregular edge
• Growth Habit: Compact, bushy, and low-growing
• Size:
  • Height: 12-18 inches (30-45 cm)
  • Spread: 12-24 inches (30-60 cm)

Unlike other begonias, Rex begonias hybridize easily, leading to an ever-expanding collection of cultivars with diverse leaf patterns and vibrant colors.

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Cultivars in the Begonia Rex Cultorum Group

Over 500 hybrid cultivars have been developed from Begonia rex, including some award-winning varieties recognized by the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit:

? Notable Cultivars:

• ‘Benitochiba’
• ‘Carolina Moon’
• ‘Escargot’ (spiral-shaped leaves)
• ‘Fireworks’ (striking silver and purple veins)
• ‘Midnight Magic’ (deep burgundy tones)
• ‘Pink Champagne’ (variegated pink and silver)
• ‘Silver Cloud’ and ‘Silver King’ (metallic silver leaves)

Each cultivar has unique leaf colors, patterns, and textures, making them popular choices for houseplant enthusiasts and collectors.

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Habitat & Distribution

The King Begonia originates from the moist, shaded forests of Southeast Asia, where it thrives under high humidity and indirect light. Due to its stunning foliage and adaptability, it has been introduced to tropical and subtropical regions worldwide, including Bangladesh, Cuba, and Hispaniola.

It is widely cultivated as an indoor plant in temperate regions, where it is admired for its decorative leaves and ability to thrive in container gardening.

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Care Guide for King Begonia

Lighting Requirements

✅ Ideal Light: Bright, indirect light
❌ Avoid:

• Direct sunlight, which can scorch the leaves
• Deep shade, which may lead to leggy growth

For optimal growth, Rex begonias require light levels between 1,500 to 2,200 foot-candles. If grown indoors, place them near an east- or north-facing window, or supplement with grow lights.

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Soil & Watering

✅ Ideal Soil: Well-draining, lightweight potting mix rich in organic matter.

✔ Recommended Soil Mix:

• 1 part peat moss or coco coir (moisture retention)
• 1 part perlite or sand (drainage improvement)
• 1 part compost or leaf mold (nutrient supply)

✅ Watering Frequency:

• Spring & Summer: Water when the top inch of soil feels dry (about once per week).
• Fall & Winter: Reduce watering to every 10-14 days.

? Overwatering Risks: Begonia rex is highly susceptible to root rot, so always ensure the pot has drainage holes.
? Underwatering Signs: Wilted, crispy leaf edges.

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Temperature & Humidity

? Ideal Temperature: 60-75°F (15-24°C)
❄ Minimum Tolerance: Avoid temperatures below 55°F (13°C).

? Humidity Requirements:
✔ Prefers 50-70% humidity
✔ To increase humidity indoors:

• Use a humidity tray or humidifier
• Group plants together
• Avoid placing near air vents or heaters

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Fertilization

• During the growing season (spring & summer): Apply a balanced liquid fertilizer every 2-4 weeks.
• In fall & winter: Reduce feeding to once a month or suspend it.

? Avoid over-fertilizing, as it may burn the roots and lead to weak growth.

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Propagation of King Begonia

The King Begonia can be easily propagated through leaf cuttings or stem cuttings.

Propagation Steps:

1️⃣ Leaf Cuttings:

• Cut a healthy leaf with a short petiole.
• Place it in moist soil or water until roots form.
• Transplant into well-draining soil after 2-4 weeks.

2️⃣ Stem Cuttings:

• Take a 2-3 inch stem cutting with at least one node.
• Dip in rooting hormone (optional) and plant in moist soil.
• Keep in high humidity until new growth appears.

⏳ Rooting Time: 4-6 weeks.

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Common Pests & Diseases

? Common Pests:

• Aphids
• Spider mites
• Mealybugs

? Control Methods:
✔ Wipe leaves with insecticidal soap or neem oil.
✔ Maintain good airflow around the plant.

? Common Diseases:

• Powdery mildew (white fungal patches on leaves)
• Botrytis blight (gray mold due to high humidity)
• Root rot (caused by excessive watering)

✔ Solution: Improve ventilation, avoid wet leaves, and use a fungicide if necessary.

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Uses of King Begonia

? As a Houseplant: Adds an exotic, vibrant touch to indoor spaces.
? In Terrariums: Thrives in high humidity, enclosed environments.
? As a Foliage Plant: Perfect for container gardening and patios.

Many Rex Begonia cultivars are collected for their ornamental beauty, making them a staple in indoor plant collections.

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Is King Begonia Toxic?

⚠️ Yes, King Begonia is mildly toxic to pets and humans if ingested. It contains calcium oxalate crystals, which may cause:

• Oral irritation
• Swelling of the mouth & throat
• Gastrointestinal discomfort

? Keep out of reach of pets and children.